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Privacy Basics

GDPR vs CCPA: Key Differences Explained

The GDPR and CCPA are the world's two most influential privacy laws, but they work differently. Here is a detailed comparison of who they cover, what rights they grant, and how they are enforced.

April 9, 2026
12 min read
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On this page
  • GDPR vs CCPA: What Are They?
  • Side-by-Side Comparison Table
  • Consent: Opt-In vs Opt-Out
  • GDPR: Opt-In by Default
  • CCPA: Opt-Out by Default
  • Who Is Covered?
  • GDPR Scope
  • CCPA Scope
  • What Counts as Personal Data?
  • Penalties and Enforcement
  • GDPR Penalties
  • CCPA Penalties
  • Enforcement Comparison
  • How Many Companies Support Each?
  • Which Law Is Stronger?
  • Key Differences That Matter for Consumers
  • If You Are in the EU
  • If You Are in California
  • If You Are in Another US State
  • How PrivacyFetch Tracks Compliance
  • Key Takeaways
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